When the Emperor Was Divine
by Julie Otsuka
The Fort Collins community is invited to read When the Emperor Was Divine and answer the following questions:

1)  Who was your favorite character and why?

2)  What question(s) would you want to ask the author?

3)  Why would you recommend this book to other people?

4)  What relevancy do the issues in this book have in today’s society?

Jerry Wilson
Superintendent of Poudre Schools 

1)  Father is my favorite character probably because I related to him the closest.  While I came to know about each of the other characters and I found them appealing, I did not connect with their situation.  I identified with the father’s circumstance of being a scapegoat and how he ended up as losing his identity and sense of what makes meaning.

2)  At one point the girl begins separating from the boy.  She becomes sick and delirious.  At this point we do not learn about her inner turmoil.  Why did you choose to present the narrative this way? 

3)   I would recommend this book since it provides a clear and sympathetic account of the Japanese suffering during WWII.  The characters experienced tremendous change and it appeared realistic and convincing through the author’s portrayal of their emotions, rationale they created, and the harsh conditions.

4)  The novel is relevant on many levels – children who survived these situations were parents for many children who are just beginning to raise families today.  Families who are illegal face similar circumstances in that they are victims of societal hate and their lives are frequently disrupted as they may lose a parent to an investigation and that parent may face rough circumstances.  Additionally in the world today families face situations where they lose their rights and are kept in prison camps for political reasons.

Wanda Ernst, 
Librarian at Boltz Junior High School


"The characters were kept at a distance, so I didn't have a favorite character. I assume the author intentionally didn't give  'closeness' to the characters to get across the feeling of isolation they endured individually and as a family." 

1)  Who was your favorite character and why?  The characters were kept at a distance, so I didn't have a favorite character. I assume the author intentionally didn't give  "closeness" to the characters to get across the feeling of isolation they endured individually and as a family.

3)  Why would you recommend this book to other people? I would recommend this book to others because we must see how easy it is to slip into discrimination of others based solely on their nationality, beliefs, or other perceived differences.

4)  What relevancy do the issues in this book have in today’s society? Today's fear of Muslim terrorists is definitely an issue that causes discrimination in our society. This story brought out how many of the detainees wanted to be "more" American and less Japanese. It must be hard to live in a country, trying to assimilate, but not lose your heritage.


Charli O’Dell
Boltz Junior High School Librarian

Quote:  "It was not hard to imagine the pain of leaving their home. It was not hard to imagine the pain of staying in an internment camp. What I had not anticipated though, was the pain of returning home, which in many ways was worse than the internment camp."

1) Favorite Character: I can’t say I have a favorite character. If I had more insight into the mother’s feelings I might be able to identify with her. She was doing the best she could under the circumstances. I do not see her as exceptional, but more as “average.” She survived, as did her family.  Under the circumstances, that might have been all that could be expected. I don’t think the author wanted us to have a favorite character.

2) Question for the author:  Why didn’t you want us to know the individual characters? You gave them no names. Names are important in our society. Names give people an identity. These people did not seem to have individual identities…even in the eyes of the author (who was related to them).

3) Book recommendation: This book would be a good discussion book for learning about the plight of people who are interned or about the effects of ongoing racism. It is not a good book to “read for enjoyment.” It was not hard to imagine the pain of leaving their home. It was not hard to imagine the pain of staying in an internment camp. What I had not anticipated though, was the pain of returning home, which in many ways was worse than the internment camp.

4) Relevancy today: The mid-eastern residents of our society are being subjected to racial profiling. Individuals from mid-eastern countries are paying the price for the conflict that exists there. The racism problem, however, goes both ways. As Americans, we also pay the price of “guilt by association” every time we travel abroad.  Our government actions have not made us very popular with the rest of the world. It is not uncommon for American college students who travel abroad to sew Canadian flag patches on their backpacks and speak with a French accent. It’s safer. We are also denied our freedoms when we are on foreign soil. When abroad, we have no names and no individual identities. We are just American moms, dads, sons or daughters. 

Charles Kaine
Reader's Cove


1)  I found the father to be the most intriguing of characters.  Even though he was not there until the end of the book, his presence was the glue that kept the family together.  His letters always displayed hope, optimism and love despite the fact that he must have been going through a personal hell all the while he was sending these postcards.

2)  There is an implication that something happened to the daughter in the camp that she will not speak of, what is it?

3)  It is a very well written story about a not so pleasant event that Americans did to Americans soul based on ethnicity.  It does a good job of showing the monotony of three years in a camp, trying to pass the time and keep sane.  It's a quick, easy read that portrays an event in history not many know about with strong characters and descriptions that place you in the time period.

4)  The fact is we don't learn well from the past, and given the right circumstances we will target a "group" and punish the whole for actions of the few.  9-11 and how we dealt with peoples of arabic descent or of muslim faith is a good example of how easily this can happen again.


Mary Ann Karpowicz, 
Secretary for the USDA


Quote:  “My favorite character was the mother. With an ‘absentee’ husband, she was thrust into the position of single mother at a time when single mothers were not commonplace.  At the same time, as the family's world was changing drastically, she was compelled to make important decisions and care for her children throughout the trauma of being interred in the camp. Having been a single mom, I can relate to her wanting to preserve her mementos and her struggle, not only with life at the camp, but to survive after the family's return home.”

1) My favorite character was the mother. With an "absentee" husband, she was thrust into the position of single mother at a time when single mothers were not commonplace.  At the same time, as the family's world was changing drastically, she was compelled to make important decisions and care for her children throughout the trauma of being interred in the camp. Having been a single mom, I can relate to her wanting to preserve her mementos and her struggle, not only with life at the camp, but to survive after the family's return home.

2) I would ask Ms. Otsuka how autobiographical this book was and how this event in our country's history affected her growing up, her adulthood and her family at present.

3) I believe many people are not even aware of this black time in our country's history.  It was certainly not taught to me at school, and I have no recollection of hearing about it until I was a grown woman. 

4) Since many people are not aware that Japanese citizens were interred during World War II, they might not see the similarities between our internment of Iraqi and other mid-Easterners because of the current war in Iraq.  Our prejudices, whether toward Japanese or Iraqis, based on truth or fear, still exist today and can only be lessened with education and looking into the mirror that is this story.


Jennifer S. Kutzik
Information Technology Technician II at CSU Library

Quote: “My favorite character was the girl. I identified with her because when I was about her age, my family moved from a large house on a farm to a small duplex in the city. Two adults, five children, two parakeets and a dog named Poochie shared less than 900 square feet for many months. My father’s new job meant he was gone from sun-up to sun-down, often six days a week. The noisy city demanded a far different lifestyle from the farm, and privacy was a thing of the past. I was too young to understand the events that necessitated the exile from our former home, but I found out very quickly that life in the city was mostly lived in the streets and always in public view.”

1)     
1)
My favorite character was the girl. I identified with her because when I was about her age, my family moved from a large house on a farm to a small duplex in the city. Two adults, five children, two parakeets and a dog named Poochie shared less than 900 square feet for many months. My father’s new job meant he was gone from sun-up to sun-down, often six days a week. The noisy city demanded a far different lifestyle from the farm, and privacy was a thing of the past. I was too young to understand the events that necessitated the exile from our former home, but I found out very quickly that life in the city was mostly lived in the streets and always in public view.

2)    2) On page 75, Otsuka writes, “She smashed the tea set and the Imari dishes and the framed portrait of the boy’s uncle, who had once been a general in the Emperor’s army.” Was the boy’s uncle the mother’s brother or the father’s brother? Why did Otsuka say “the boy’s uncle” and not “the mother’s brother” or “father’s brother?”

3)    3) I would recommend this book to anyone who has ever found themselves in a situation that they did not foresee and could not control.

4)    4) This book has relevance for the exploration of many topics, including American history, coming of age, racism, marriage and family life, and most of all, the human spirit.


"The Bookies" Book Club
Quote:  "We would recommend this book because it was short and the writing was sparse and concise, but mostly because it was a lesson in history that invited readers to reflect on their own prejudices."

1)  The mother was our favorite character because she did what she had to do to keep the family whole and even continued to carry the burden when her husband returned home a destroyed man.


2) We would ask the author why she chose to refer to the characters in the third person instead of giving them names. We also wondered about the meaning of the title.

3)  We would recommend this book because it was short and the writing was sparse and concise, but mostly because it was a lesson in history that invited readers to reflect on their own prejudices.

4)  This book is very relevant to today's society because the issues raised parallel the racial profiling that happens today, especially with Islamic extremists.

Tavelli Fourth Grade Book Club 
and Their Parents

Quote:  "I would recommend this book because it is a good, sad book that will help people understand that everybody should be treated the same way." - Isabel Bramhall-Heck age 9

Who was your favorite character and why?
  
Isabel Bramhall-Heck, 9 – The girl because she 
always had an answer for her brother. 

Becca Bramhall (Isabel’s mom) – The boy because we heard from his perspective the most, and he was very sympathetic.
Nicole Knebel – My favorite character was the girl. She was my favorite because she was good at taking care of her young brother, and she was also very good at reassuring him.
Chris Knebel – I liked the boy best because he was respectful and kind.
Lynn Knebel – My favorite character was the mother because of her strength throughout most of her ordeal, her keeping her family together, and her never losing sight of her goal to go back to the life she once knew. She did what she had to do. 


Tattered Covers Book Club 


Quote: “We recommend the book because of what historian Frederick Allen said: ‘Those who do not study history are doomed to repeat it.’ ”   – Tattered Covers Book Club  

1) Who was your favorite character?
The boy was spunky. His reflections had the most depth. The teenaged girl seemed troubled.   We loved the mother’s strength. She was stoic and insightful. She practically lost her mind. It was so powerful when she put the house key in her mouth. It was her link, their pathway back home. She kept her family together, not knowing where her husband was.


2)  What questions would you want to ask the author?
Do you have any familial anecdotes that contributed to the story?  You wrote the book in 2002, did the events of 9-11 prompt you to tell the story? Why did you pick those specific ages for the children?

3)  Why would you recommend this book?
We recommend the book because of what historian Frederick Allen said: “Those who do not study history are doomed to repeat it.”

4)  What relevancy do the issues in this book have in today’s society?
 The book has relevancy to our treatment of immigrants, Muslims, and Hispanics. Children should read this book because the characters are children.   


Nine Moms Book Club

Nancy Callahan representative

1) We had several different favorite characters:

The son - because it was sad and sweet how he was always looking for his father and how he kept thinking he saw his missing father frequently throughout the book.

The father - because he showed anger and frustration at America because of what they had put him, his family and other Japanese through.

The daughter - because she, and the other interned teens, continued to try to have a teenager's lives and interests as best they could despite the circumstances they found themselves in.  

2) We had two questions for the author:

Why was the mood of the book so flat and unemotional for the most part?  The characters (except for the father) didn't express frustration, anger, tears, sorrow etc.. one would expect from such unfair treatment. Was this to show numbness, depression, obedience?

Why did the characters not have their names revealed to the reader?  Were they to depict any Japanese mother, daughter, son, and father being interned? Was this to depict that White Americans thought all the Japanese were / looked the same?

3) Yes, we would recommend the book. This part of America 's history needs to be made more well known to White America.

4) We discussed the similarities of Japanese being stereotyped and feared as the enemy after Pearl Harbor and the temptation now for White Americans to stereotype and fear Middle Eastern looking people as the enemy after 9/11.  Also we discussed the lost of basic civil rights for the Japanese interned and see some eroding of American's civil rights and privacy happening now in the US in the name of Home Land Security.